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The Golden Legend (Latin: Legenda aurea or Legenda sanctorum) is a collection of hagiographies by Jacobus de Voragine that became a late medieval bestseller. More than a thousand manuscripts of the text have survived, compared to twenty or so of its nearest rivals. It was likely compiled around the year 1260, although the text was added to over the centuries.
Sextus Aurelius Victor (natus circa annum 320; obiit circa 390) fuit rerum gestarum scriptor Romanus; opus eius sub titulo Liber de Caesaribus cognitum est. In libris manu scriptis et in editionibus cum hoc opere saepe adiunguntur duo opera minime ab Aurelio Victore conscripti (scilicet: Origo gentis Romanae, De viris illustribus urbis Romae). Haec omnia "Corpus Aurelianum" vel "Historiam Tripertitam" appellantur.
William Alabaster, or Alablaster, was born at Hadleigh, Suffolk in 1567. He was educated at Hadleigh grammar school, Westminster School and Trinity College, Cambridge, which he entered as a scholar in 1584. He took his B.A. in 1587, and M.A. in 1591. In 1592 he was incorporated of the University of Oxford.
Avienus was a Latin writer of the 4th century AD. According to an inscription from Bulla Regia, his full name was Postumius Rufius Festus (qui et) Avienius.
The Compendium of Roman History consists of two books dedicated to M. Vinicius, and covers the period from the dispersion of the Greeks after the siege of Troy down to the death of Livia (AD 29). The first book brings the history down to the destruction of Carthage, 146 BC; portions of it are missing, including the beginning. The later history, especially the period from the death of Caesar, 44 BC, to the death of Augustus, AD 14, is treated in much greater detail. Brief notices are given of Greek and Roman literature, but no mention is made of Plautus, Horace or Propertius. The author does not display real historical insight, although generally trustworthy in his statements of individual facts. He may be regarded as a courtly annalist rather than an historian. His chronology is inconsistent. On Caesar, Augustus and above all on his patron Tiberius, he lavishes praise or flattery.
In Praise of Folly is an essay written in 1509 by Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam and first printed in 1511.
Waltharius was the son of Alphere, ruler of Aquitaine, which in the 5th century, when the legend developed, was the centre of the Visigothic kingdom of Toulouse. When Attila invaded the west, the western princes are represented as making no resistance. They purchased peace by offering tribute and hostages. King Gibicho, here described as a Frankish king, gave Hagano as a hostage (of Trojan race, but not, as in the Nibelungenlied, a kinsman of the royal house) in place of his infant son Guntharius; the Burgundian king Heriricus, his daughter Hiltgunt; and Alphere, his son Waltharius.
Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum The Ecclesiastical History of the English People was completed in about 731. Bede was aided in writing this book by Albinus, abbot of St Augustine's Abbey, Canterbury. The first of the five books begins with some geographical background, and then sketches the history of England, beginning with Caesar's invasion in 55 BC. A brief account of Christianity in Roman Britain, including the martyrdom of St Alban, is followed by the story of Augustine's mission to England in 597, which brought Christianity to the Anglo-Saxons. The second book begins with the death of Gregory the Great in 604, and follows the further progress of Christianity in Kent and the first attempts to evangelise Northumbria. These ended in disaster when Penda, the pagan king of Mercia, killed the newly Christian Edwin of Northumbria at the Battle of Hatfield Chase in about 632. The setback was temporary, and the third book recounts the growth of Christianity in Northumbria under kings Oswald of Northumbria and Oswy. The climax of the third book is the account of the Council of Whitby, traditionally seen as a major turning point in English history. The fourth book begins with the consecration of Theodore as Archbishop of Canterbury, and recounts Wilfrid's efforts to bring Christianity to the kingdom of Sussex. The fifth book brings the story up to Bede's day, and includes an account of missionary work in Frisia, and of the conflict with the British church over the correct dating of Easter. Bede wrote a preface for the work, in which he dedicates it to Ceolwulf, king of Northumbria. The preface mentions that Ceolwulf received an earlier draft of the book; presumably Ceolwulf knew enough Latin to understand it, and he may even have been able to read it. The preface makes it clear that Ceolwulf had requested the earlier copy, and Bede had asked for Ceolwulf's approval; this correspondence with the king indicates that Bede's monastery had excellent connections among the Northumbrian nobility.
Der Mythus des 20. Jahrhunderts "Man soll anderer Leute Weise achten, und niemandes Weise schmähen." Novus!
The Tale of Two Lovers (Latin: Historia de duobus amantibus) written in 1444 was one of the bestselling books of the fifteenth century, even before its author, Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini, became Pope Pius II. It is one of the earliest examples of an epistolary novel, full of erotic imagery. The first printed edition was published by Ulrich Zel in Cologne between 1467 and 1470. Novus!
The Germania is an ethnographic work on the diverse set of people Tacitus believed to be Germanic tribes outside the Roman Empire. Ethnography already had a long and distinguished heritage in classical literature, and the Germania fits squarely within the tradition established by authors from Herodotus to Julius Caesar. The book begins with a description of the lands, laws, and customs of the tribes. Later chapters focus on descriptions of individual tribes, beginning with those dwelling closest to Roman lands and ending on the uttermost shores of the Baltic Sea, with a description of the Fenni and the unknown tribes beyond them.
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Abraham Cahan was arguably the most influential Jewish American, culturally and artistically, in the first half of the twentieth century. Born in 1860 in Vilna, Lithuania, the son of Jewish teachers, Cahan received a fairly broad education during his adolescent years. He graduated from the Vilna Teachers Institute in 1881 and began teaching in the town of Velizh. Over the next several months he became involved in the radical revolutionary movement. After the assassination of Czar Alexander of Russia, he and other socialists were forced to flee the region. Cahan emigrated to the United States in 1882 as a result, eventually settling in New York. Over the next several years he established a reputation within socialist and labor circles as an articulate and persuasive journalistic advocate. In 1890 he assumed the editorship of a Hebrew Trades newspaper, to which he also contributed columns that combined Jewish cultural materials with Marxist ideology.
Libro di avventura che narra la ricerca da parte del giovane Lakon – tay della mitica la Città del Re Lebbroso con il proposito di recuperare il mistico uncino sacro per salvare i venerati elefanti del Re del Siam, misteriosamente malati.
All’interno della jungla, circondata da desolate paludi, fiumi e isolotti presso la foce del Gange, chiamate Sunderbunds, la sinistra isola di "Rajmangal" ospita una pagoda, nei cui sotterranei si nascondono i Thugs, una setta sanguinaria seguace della dea Kalì e un'altra pagoda, dove guidati dal malvagio Suyodhana, tengono imprigionata una giovane fanciulla, Ada Corisant, soprannominata dalla setta “La vergine della Pagoda”. Figlia di un ufficiale inglese Ada fu rapita dai Thugs e costretta a diventare successivamente la sacerdotessa della loro terribile dea, Kalì, rappresentata da una minacciosa statua di bronzo nel tempio dei Thugs. Tremal-Naik, detto “Il cacciatore di serpenti”, un coraggioso indigeno innamorato della ragazza, cerca di salvarla con l'aiuto del fedele servo Kammamuri, affrontando una lotta all’ultimo sangue contro gli adoratori della lugubre dea . . .
Sir William Mac – Lellan e i suoi fedeli uomini, tra cui Testa di Pietra e Piccolo Flocco, non erano riusciti a liberare l’adorata Lady Mary dalle grinfie del Marchese di Halifax, fratellastro del baronetto, che l’aveva rapita e portata con sé in America.
Gli indiani sono sul piede di guerra. Back e Bennie, due cow-boys, sono all'erta intorno alla mandria di bestiame che hanno il compito di sorvegliare, quando, durante una ronda, scoprono un accampamento attaccato dagli indiani, e, all'interno di esso, incredibilmente ancora vivo, nonostante fosse stato "scotennato", un uomo, che subito soccorrono. Lo sconosciuto era diretto in Alaska, terra salvaggia ma.. ricca d'oro! che aspetta solo di essere estratto.
La storia si apre e si svolgera', come suggerito dal titolo, nell'Assam, il regno che tanto audacemente Sandokan e Yanez avevano conquistato per la bella Surama, riparando a una lontana ingiustizia arrecata alla fanciulla da un folle e avido zio. Sotto il governo della Maharhani Surama, e del suo consorte Yanez, il regno prospera, i due sposi hanno avuto un bimbo; tutto sembra andare nel migliore dei modi, quando le morti sospette di alcuni funzionari dello stato vengono a turbare la pace del paese. Oltre ad esse, fa la sua inquietante comparsa un Bramino dotato di strani poteri, che si rivela essere subito un personaggio subdolo e pericoloso.
In paese lo chiamavano il «Gufo», perché abitava una vecchia torre diroccata, spersa fra le sabbie, dalla quale non usciva, a compiere le sue solitarie passeggiate, se non quando le tenebre calavano sulla terra e sul mare. Di lui si sapeva soltanto ch'era scultore e che veniva da una città lontana lontana. Qualche pescatore, incontrandolo sulla spiaggia nelle notti lunari, ne aveva osservato il volto bruno, nascosto nella fitta barba e sotto lo spiovere dei capelli ed ancor più rabbuiato da un'espressione indefinibile di scoramento. Un doganiere dal rifugio del suo casotto in una sera di tempesta lo aveva scorto, al bagliore dei lampi, alzare le braccia verso il cielo in un gesto di minaccia e d'odio.
Chelli nacque in una famiglia della piccola borghesia di Massa. Da giovane ebbe in gestione L'Apuano, un bollettino per gli atti giudiziari e amministrativi della Provincia di Massa Carrara, sul quale furono pubblicati alcuni suoi racconti on volume a cura di Paolo Giannotti nel 2003. Impiegato nella Manifattura dei Tabacchi, nel 1878 ottenne il trasferimento a Roma, città nella quale trascorse il resto della vita. Esordì come narratore su Cronaca bizantina, la rivista diretta da Angelo Sommaruga, con una novella verista pubblicata nel numero del 16 ottobre 1882. Nel 1883 divenne redattore di Cronaca bizantina. Chelli è stato il primo narratore ad aver ambientato le sue storie nella capitale d'Italia, descrivendo le vicende derivanti dal tumultuoso e disordinato sviluppo nell'età umbertina. Neu!
Peter Schlemihls wundersame Geschichte Schlemihl sells his shadow to the Devil for a bottomless wallet, only to find that a man without a shadow is shunned by human society. The woman he loves rejects him, and he spends the rest of his life wandering the world in scientific exploration.
Friedrich II., auch Friedrich der Große oder der Alte Fritz genannt (* 24. Januar 1712 in Berlin ; † 17. August 1786 in Potsdam), war ab 1740 König in und ab 1772 König von Preußen sowie Kurfürst von Brandenburg.
Die Memoiren Casanovas mit dem Titel Geschichte meines Lebens zählen zur Weltliteratur und wurden in mehr als zwanzig Sprachen übersetzt (u. a. Japanisch, Arabisch, Bengalisch und Inuktitut). Carl Philipp Gottlieb von Clausewitz (* 1. Juli 1780 als Carl Philipp Gottlieb Claußwitz in Burg bei Magdeburg; † 16. November 1831 in Breslau) war ein preußischer General, Heeresreformer und Militärtheoretiker.
Analyse der Phobie eines fünfjährigen Knaben Noch nie habe er tieferne Einblick in die Seele eines Kindes gewonnen, konstatierte Freud am 1. Juni 1909 in einem Brief an Ernest Jones anläßlich des Erscheinens seiner Fallstudie des sogenannten "kleinen Hans". Zwar wurde der an einer Pferdephobie erkrankte Fünfjährige seinerzeit nich von ihm selbst behandelt, sondern vom eigenen Vater, einem bekannten wiener Intellektuellen und frühen Anhänger, der ihn aber häufig konsultierte. Auf diese Weise gelangte der Begründer der Psychoanalyse, der bislang die frühkindliche seelische Entwicklung aus der Behandlung erwachsener Patienten bloß hatte rekonstruieren können, erstmals unmittelbar mit analytischem Material eines Kinde sin Berührung - den bewegenden, bezaubernden Äußerungen eines zwischen heftigsten Triebwünschen und dem Bemühen um Gehorsam hin- und hergerissenen kleinen Jungen, der, trotz peinigender Ängste, mit ernster Logik infantile Sexualforschung betreibt. Anhand der Verbatim-Protokolle des Vater hat Freud nach geglückter Heilung des Patienten die Falldarstellung niedergeschrieben. Epochenmachend ist sie in mehrfacher Hinsicht: Es handelt sich um die erste psychoanalytische Behandlung eines Kindes, also die Eröffnung eines neuen Therapiefeldes, nämlich der Kinderanalyse, sowie um die erste systematische analytische Kinderbeobachtung. Ferner haben wir den ersten Bericht einer Supervision vor uns.
Niemals hat eine politische Schrift so gewaltiges Aufsehen erregt, und so viel gewirkt, als Macchiavelli's hochberühmtes Buch vom Fürsten. Der Name des Verfassers ist durch die sogar in Staatsschriften als Kunstausdruck übliche Benennung des Macchiavellismus auch der großen Menge bekannt geworden, die das Buch selbst nicht gelesen hat. Aber unter den Großen und ihren Ministern haben sich Viele danach gebildet. Hier glaubten sie das, was sie in einzelnen schlimmen Augenblicken getan, oder noch zu tun Lust hatten, durch zusammenhängende Grundsätze gerechtfertigt zu finden. Die es so benutzten, mögen oft ungehalten darüber geworden sein, daß Alles, was sie sich, aber auch nur sich selbst, und als Ausnahme von der Regel erlauben wollten, in allgemeinen Maximen öffentlich aufgestellt, und dadurch Verdacht gegen ihre Absichten erregt ward. Daher ist es am lautesten von denen angeklagt, die am meisten daraus gelernt hatten. Andere Leser sind durch den Widerspruch, in welchem dieser Inbegriff fürstlicher Weisheit mit der gewöhnlichen Moral steht, zu dem Zweifel veranlaßt worden, ob das Buch wol im Ernste geschrieben sei? Da sie die Bewunderung, welche der durchdringende Beobachtungsgeist und das treffende Urteil des Verfassers Jedem abnötigt, der politische Verhältnisse zu beurteilen vermag, mit ihrem Widerwillen gegen die freche Immoralität, zu welcher seine Grundsätze führen, nicht zu vereinigen wußten, so haben sie geglaubt, Macchiavelli möge wol das vollständige Gemälde der Tyrannei und der Mittel zu ihr zu gelangen, in der Absicht entworfen haben, um den Tyrannen in der verabscheuungswürdigsten Gestalt darzustellen.
Morgenröte: Gedanken über die moralischen Vorurteile ist ein Anfang Juli 1881 erschienenes philosophisches Werk Friedrich Nietzsches.
Götzen-Dämmerung oder Wie man mit dem Hammer philosophiert ist ein 1889 veröffentlichtes Spätwerk Friedrich Nietzsches, in dem er wesentliche Aspekte seines bisherigen Denkens zusammenfasste. Mit ihm setzte er den Weg der Umwertung aller Werte weiter fort und bezog sich auf die „Götzen“ seiner Zeit, deren Dämmerung er voraussah.
Amerika (auch: Der Verschollene) ist neben Das Schloss und Der Process einer der drei unvollendeten Romane von Franz Kafka, entstanden zwischen 1911 und 1914 und 1927 von seinem Freund und Herausgeber Max Brod postum veröffentlicht. In den frühen Ausgaben wurde der Roman unter dem von Brod bestimmten Titel „Amerika“ veröffentlicht. Siehe hierzu untenstehenden Bucheinband der ersten Veröffentlichung.
Detektiv Dagoberts Taten und Abenteuer Balduin Groller, mit bürgerlichem Namen Adalbert Goldschneider, schuf mit Dagobert Trostler nicht nur einen der ersten Seriendetektive des deutschsprachigen Krimis. Ihm gelang inmitten der deutschen Sherlock-Holmes-Nachahmungen um die Jahrhundertwende eine eigenständige Figur, dem englischen Vorbild wohl nachempfunden, doch in der eleganten und weniger eleganten Welt Wiens ebenso fest verwurzelt wie der Autor, der u.a. Mitbegründer und Vizepräsident des "Allgemeinen Sportausschusses für Österreich" war. New!
A Narrative of Captivity in Abyssinia The British 1868 Expedition to Abyssinia was a punitive expedition carried out by armed forces of the British Empire against the Ethiopian Empire. Emperor Tewodros II of Ethiopia, also known as "Theodore," imprisoned several missionaries and two representatives of the British government in an attempt to get the attention of the British government, which had been ignoring his requests for military assistance. The punitive expedition launched by the British in response required the transportation of a sizable military force hundreds of miles across mountainous terrain lacking any road system. Harold G. Marcus described the action as "one of the most expensive affairs of honour in history."
Sketches of the East Africa Campaign These sketches of General Smuts' campaign of 1916 in German East Africa, do not presume to give an accurate account of the tactical or strategical events of this war. The actual knowledge of the happenings of war and of the considerations that persuade an Army Commander to any course of military conduct must, of necessity, be a closed book to the individual soldier. To the fighting man himself and to the man on the lines of communication, who helps to feed and clothe and arm and doctor him, the history of his particular war is very meagre. War, to the soldier, is limited to the very narrow horizon of his front, the daily work of his regiment, or, at the most, of his brigade. Rarely does news from the rest of one brigade spread to the troops of another in the field. Only in the hospital that serves the division are the events of his bit of war correlated and reduced to a comprehensive whole. Even then the resulting knowledge is usually wrong. For the imagination of officers, and of men in particular, is wonderful, and rumour has its birthplace in the hospital ward. One may take it as an established fact that the ordinary regimental officer or soldier knows little or nothing about events other than his particular bit of country. Only the Staff know, and they will not tell. Sometimes we have thought that all the real news lives in the cloistered brain of the General and his Chief of Staff. Be this as it may, we always got fuller and better correlated and co-ordinated news of the German East African Campaign from "Reuter" or from The Times weekly edition.
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